Esta
página en Español - See this page in Spanish.LEARN SPANISH PRESENT SIMPLE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
When we translate the tenses corresponding to the Spanish subjunctive mood into English we will do it according to the context. We always have to interpret the sentence and translate accordingly.
Before we study the present simple of the subjunctive mood we need to learn
some basic concepts about Spanish verbs. Spanish verbs are always either regular
or irregular as it happens with English verbs. All Spanish verbs end either in "-ar",
"-er" or "-ir". These are the three Spanish conjugations.
Example
Hablar (to speak), Correr (to run), Añadir (to add)
To form the present simple of the subjunctive mood, we need to take the verb as
we find it in the dictionary. Then we will remove the last two letters and we will
add the appropriate ending for each person.
Example
For the verbs ending in -ar:
| yo (I) | -e |
| tú (You) | -es |
| él, ella, usted (he, she, you formal) | -e |
| nosotros, nosotras (we) | -emos |
| vosotros, vosotras (you all) | -éis |
| ellos, ellas, (they) ustedes (you all formal) | -en |
Example: We take the verb "hablar" (to speak). We remove the "-ar": We are left with habl- (the stem) and then we add the personal endings.
| hablar | hablar-- |
| yo (I) | hable (I speak) |
| tú (you) | hables (you speak) |
| él, ella, usted (he, she, you formal) | hable (he, she speaks) |
| nosotros, nosotras (we) | hablemos (we speak) |
| vosotros, vosotras (you all) | habléis (you all speak) |
| ellos, ellas, (they) ustedes (you all formal) | hablen (they speak) |
For verbs ending in -er:
| yo (I) | -a |
| tú (You) | -as |
| él, ella, usted (he, she, you formal) | -a |
| nosotros, nosotras (we) | -amos |
| vosotros, vosotras (you all) | -áis |
| ellos, ellas, (they) ustedes (you all formal) | -an |
Example: We take the verb "correr" (to run). We remove the "-er": We are left with corr- (the stem) and then we add the personal endings.
| correr | correr-- |
| yo (I) | corra (I run) |
| tú (you) | corras (you run) |
| él, ella, usted (he, she, you formal) | corra (he, she runs) |
| nosotros, nosotras (we) | corramos (we run) |
| vosotros, vosotras (you all) | corráis (you all run) |
| ellos, ellas, (they) ustedes (you all formal) | corran (they run) |
For verbs ending in -ir:
| yo (I) | -a |
| tú (You) | -as |
| él, ella, usted (he, she, you formal) | -a |
| nosotros, nosotras (we) | -amos |
| vosotros, vosotras (you all) | -áis |
| ellos, ellas, (they) ustedes (you all formal) | -an |
Example: We take the verb "añadir" (to add). We remove the "-ir": We are left with añad- (the stem) and then we add the personal endings.
| añadir | añadir-- |
| yo (I) | añada (I add) |
| tú (you) | añadas (you add) |
| él, ella, usted (he, she, you formal) | añada (he, she adds) |
| nosotros, nosotras (we) | añadamos (we add) |
| vosotros, vosotras (you all) | añadáis (you all add) |
| ellos, ellas, (they) ustedes (you all formal) | añadan (they add) |
The differences between the persons "tú" (you), "vosotros" (you all), "usted" (you formal) and "ustedes" (you all formal) are explained in Spanish Personal Pronouns.
Some of the irregular verbs will be conjugated exactly in the same form, adding the same sets of endings; the only difference is that they will have some spelling changes in the stem of the verb. ***Remember*** Spanish Irregular verbs can be highly irregular and the general rule is "The rules do not apply".
Example:
| Cerrar | To Close |
| yo cierre | I close |
|
tú cierres |
you close |
| el cierre | he closes |
| nosotros cerremos | we close |
| vosotros cerréis | you all close |
| ellos cierren | they close |
SOME GENERAL USES
We use the present simple of the subjunctive mood to express opinions or hypothesis
about possible actions.
Example
No creo que María venga esta tarde a trabajar.
I do not think María will come to work this afternoon
Te llamaré cuando termine.
I will call you when I finish
No creo que vayamos al cine.
I do not think that we will go to the cinema
We also use the present simple of the subjunctive mood to express a wish or hope
we might have.
Example
Ojalá nieve esta Navidad.
I wish it snowed this Christmas
Espero que Mary esté en su casa ahora.
I hope Mary is at home now
The present simple of the subjunctive mood is also used to give orders or commands.
Example
Quiero que vengas ahora mismo.
I want you to come right now
Te pido que hagas eso por mí.
I am asking you to do that for me
We use the present simple of the subjunctive mood to place actions that have not
happened in the future.
Example
Cuando termine iré a la biblioteca.
When I finish I will go to the library
Llámame cuando llegues, por favor.
Call me when you arrive, please
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