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LEARN SPANISH PRESENT PERFECT (Pretérito Perfecto - Present Perfect) SUBJUNCTIVE MOODWhen we translate the tenses corresponding to the Spanish subjunctive mood into English we will do it according to the context. We always have to interpret the sentence and translate accordingly.
Before we study the "pretérito perfecto" (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive
mood we need to learn some basic concepts about Spanish verbs. Spanish verbs
are always either regular or irregular as it happens with English verbs. All Spanish
verbs end either in "-ar", "-er" or "-ir".
These are the three Spanish conjugations.
Example Hablar (to speak) Correr (to run) Añadir (to add)
To form the "pretérito perfecto" (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood,
we need to use the auxiliary verb "haber" (have) in its present simple of the subjunctive
mood and the past participle of another verb. To form the past participle of the
regular verbs in Spanish, we need to take the verb as we find it in the dictionary
and remove the last two letters. Then, if the verb ends in "-ar" we will add the
ending "-ado" and if the verb ends in "-er" or "-ir" we will add the ending "-ido".
For the verbs ending in -ar:
Example: We take the verb "hablar" (to speak). We remove the "-ar". We are left with "habl-" (the stem) and then we add "-ado". In this way we have the past participle of the verb "hablar" (to speak). To conjugate the pretérito perfecto (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood of the verb "hablar" (to speak) we will use the present simple tense of the subjunctive mood of the verb "haber" (to have) and the past participle of the verb "hablar" (to speak).
For the verbs ending in -er:
Example: We take the verb "correr" (to run). We remove the "-er": We are left with corr- (the stem) and then we add "-ido". In this way we have the past participle of the verb "correr" (to run). To conjugate the pretérito perfecto (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood of the verb "correr" (to run) we will use the present simple tense of the subjunctive mood of the verb "haber" (to have) and the past participle of the verb "correr" (to run).
For the verbs ending in -ir:
Example: We take the verb "añadir" (to add). We remove the "-ir": We are left with añad- (the stem) and then we add "-ido". In this way we have the past participle of the verb "añadir" (to add). To conjugate the pretérito perfecto (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood of the verb "añadir" (to add) we will use the present simple tense of the subjunctive mood of the verb "haber" (to have) and the past participle of the verb "añadir" (to add).
The differences between the persons "tú" (you), "vosotros" (you all), "usted" (you formal) and "ustedes" (you all formal) are explained in Spanish Personal Pronouns . Some of the irregular verbs will be conjugated exactly in the same form, adding the same sets of endings; the only difference is that they will have some spelling changes in the stem of the verb. ***Remember*** Spanish Irregular verbs can be highly irregular and the general rule is "The rules do not apply".
SOME GENERAL USES
We use the pretérito perfecto (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood to
express a wish about an action that should be completed.
I wish my order had arrived. Espero que mi amiga haya venido. I hope my friend has arrived. Espero que la película no haya empezado ya. I hope the film has not started yet. Ojalá que haya comprado chocolate. I hope she has bought some chocolate.
The pretérito perfecto (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood can also
be used to express a completed action in the past.
I am pleased you have come. Espero que Mary haya terminado. I hope Mary has finished.
The pretérito perfecto (present perfect simple) of the subjunctive mood can also
express a completed action in the future.
I will help you when I have finished. Llámame cuando hayas recibido mi correo electrónico. Phone me when you have got my email. |
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